Scope of Managerial Research

·   Management Research is an international journal dedicated to advancing the understanding of management in private and public sector organizations through empirical investigation and theoretical analysis.

·  Management Research attempts to provide an international dialogue between researchers and thereby improve the understanding of the nature of management in different settings and, consequently, achieve a reasonable transfer of research results to management practice in several contexts.

· Management Research is especially dedicated to foster the general advancement of management scholarship among iberoamerican scholars and/or those academics interested in iberoamerican issues. Iberoamerica is defined broadly to include all of Latin America, Latino populations in North America, and Spain/Portugal. However, submissions are encouraged from all management scholars regardless of ethnicity or national origin and manuscripts should not be limited to themes dealing with iberoamerican populations.

Explain the various measure of central tendency?

In statistics, the general level, characteristic, or typical value that is representative of the majority of cases. Among several accepted measures of central tendency employed in data reduction, the most common are

·   The arithmetic mean (simple average)

·   The median

·   The mode.

FOR EXAMPLE, one measure of central tendency of a group of high school students is the average (mean) age of the students.

Central tendency is a term used in some fields of empirical research to refer to what statisticians sometimes call "location". A "measure of central tendency" is either a location parameter or a statistic used to estimate a location parameter.

Examples include:-

What is a case study method? Briefly explain assumption and major steps in case study method.

Case study research excels at bringing us to an understanding of a complex issue or object and can extend experience or add strength to what is already known through previous research. Case studies emphasize detailed contextual analysis of a limited number of events or conditions and their relationships. Researchers have used the case study research method for many years across a variety of disciplines.

Researcher Robert K. Yin defines the case study research method as an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context; when the boundaries between phenomenon and context are not clearly evident; and in which multiple sources of evidence are used.

What is questionnaire? mention its characteristics and illustrate a sample questionnaire for any product you can choose

Questionnaire is a method used for collecting data; a set of written questions, which calls for responses on the part of the client; may be self-administered or group-administered. Questionnaires are an inexpensive way to gather data from a potentially large number of respondents. Often they are the only feasible way to reach a number of reviewers large enough to allow statistically analysis of the results.

A well-designed questionnaire that is used effectively can gather information on both the overall performance of the test system as well as information on specific components of the system. If the questionnaire includes demographic questions on the participants, they can be used to correlate performance and satisfaction with the test system among different groups of users. It is important to remember that a questionnaire should be viewed as a multi-stage process beginning with definition of the aspects to be examined and ending with interpretation of the results.

Give the significance of social research also mentions the different problems of social research and how they are solved?

Within the last 20 to 25 years, courses in methods of social research have come to occupy an increasingly important role in sociological curricula. It likely that at present every major university offers such courses. This is because growing significance of social research and also growing job opportunities in this field.

In this present age, social science are accruing a scientific method of study for this method, research is an important factor. In the last two or three decades, a social research has become an important subject of the curriculum of sociology.

Social research has therefore, assumed greater importance. Apart from thus, the social science research is essential for proper understanding the society and proper collection and analysis of social facts.

Which are various measure of dispersion? Explain Variance and Standard Deviation

In many ways, measures of central tendency are less useful in statistical analysis than measures of dispersion of values around the central tendency The dispersion of values within variables is especially important in social and political research because: 

• Dispersion or "variation" in observations is what we seek to explain.
• Researchers want to know WHY some cases lie above average and others below-

Average for a given variable:

o   TURNOUT in voting: why do some states show higher rates than others?

o   CRIMES in cities: why are there differences in crime rates?

o   CIVIL STRIFE among countries: what accounts for differing amounts?

• Much of statistical explanation aims at explaining DIFFERENCES in observations -- also known as 

o    VARIATION, or the more technical term, VARIANCE

Define hypothesis, What are the nature, scope and testing of hypothesis?

A tentative proposal made to explain certain observations or a fact that requires further investigation to be verified. A hypothesis is a formulation of a question that lends itself to a prediction. This prediction can be verified or falsified. A question can only be use as scientific hypothesis, if there is an experimental approach or observational study that can be designed to check the outcome of a prediction. 

Nature of hypothesis: 

The various discussions of the hypothesis which have appeared in works on inductive logic and in writings on scientific method, its structure and function have received considerable attention, while its origin has been comparatively neglected.

briefly explain the various primary stages of research process.

Research is a source which can be draw upon to make a substantial contribution to the body of the knowledge; research should be followed by some sort of original contribution. The primary stage includes 

Observation: 

Research start with observation, which leads to curiosity to learn more about what has been observed. Observation can either be unaided visual observation or guided and controlled observation. 

Sometimes a casual or associated observation leading to substantial research and a great invention. Deliberate and guided observation can also form the basis for research. While observation leads to research, research results in elaborate observation and convulsions; or even further research observation can either be subjective or objective. These are participant observation, on –participant observation, controlled observation and non controlled observation. 

Explain social research, with its main features as objectives and different stages

"Research is a careful investigation or inquiry especially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge."

According to Redman and Mary "research is a systematized effort to gain new knowledge."

According to D. Sleshinger and M. Stemson has defined research as the manipulation of things, concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend, correct or verify knowledge, heather that knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the practice of an art.

Social research is a scientific undertaking which by means of logical and systematized techniques, aims to discover new factory verify a test old facts, analyze their sequence interrelationship and casual explanation which were derived within an appropriate theoretical frame of reference, develop new scientific tools, concepts and theories which would facilities reliable and valid study of human behavior.