"Research is a careful
investigation or inquiry especially through search for new facts in any branch
of knowledge."
According to Redman and
Mary "research is a systematized effort to gain new knowledge."
According to D. Sleshinger
and M. Stemson has defined research as the manipulation of things, concepts or
symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend, correct or verify knowledge,
heather that knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the practice of an
art.
Social research is a
scientific undertaking which by means of logical and systematized techniques,
aims to discover new factory verify a test old facts, analyze their sequence
interrelationship and casual explanation which were derived within an
appropriate theoretical frame of reference, develop new scientific tools,
concepts and theories which would facilities reliable and valid study of human
behavior.
According to PV Young
"social research the systematic method of discovering news facts or verifying
old facts, their sequences, inter-relationships, casual explanation and the
natural laws which governs them."
Prof C. A Mosr defines
social research as “systematized investigation to give new knowledge about
social phenomena and surveys”.
Mary Stevenson defined social research as
“social research is a systematic methods of exploring, analyzing and
conceptualizing social life in order to extend ,correct or verify knowledge,
whether that knowledge aid in the construction of a theory or in the practice
of an art.
The characteristic features of social research:
Social research is
scientific approach of adding to the knowledge about society and social
phenomenon. Knowledge to be meaningful should have a definite purpose and
direction. The growth of knowledge is closely linked to the methods and
approaches used in research investigation. Hence the social science research
must be guided by certain laid down objectives enumerated below
· Development knowledge
The main object of any research is to add to the knowledge. As we
have seen earlier, research is a process to obtain knowledge. Similarly social
research is an organized and scientific effort to acquire further knowledge
about the problem in question. Thus social science helps us to obtain and add
to the knowledge of social phenomena. This one of the important objective of
social research.
· Scientific study of social
research:
Social research is an attempt to acquire knowledge about the social
phenomena. Man being the part of a society, social research studies human being
as an individual, human behavior and collects data about various aspects of the
social life of man and formulates law in this regards. Once the law is
formulated then the scientific study tries to establish the interrelationship
between these facts. Thus, the scientific study of social life is the base of
the sociological development which is considered as second best objective of
social research.
·
Welfare of humanity: The ultimate objective of
the social science study if often and always to enhance the welfare of
humanity. No scientific research makes only for the sake of study. The welfare
of humanity is the most common objective in social science research.
· Classification of facts:
According to Prof. P. V. Young, social research aims to clarify
facts. The classification of facts plays important role in any scientific
research.
·
Social control and
prediction: The ultimate object of many research undertaking is to make it
possible, to redirect the behavior of particular type of individual under the
specified conditions. In social research we generally study of the social
phenomena, event and factors that govern and guide them.
a) Social research deals with phenomena. It studies the human behavior.
b) It discovers new facts and verifies old facts. With the improvement
in the technique and changes in the phenomena the researcher has to study the.
c) Casual relationship between various human activities can also be
studies in social research.
For the sake of systematic
presentation, the process of research may be classifies under three stages
Ø
Primary stage
Ø
Secondary stage
Ø
Tertiary stage
The primary stage includes
o Observation
o Interest
o Crystallization,
identification and statement of a research problem
o Formulation of hypothesis
o Primary synopsis
o Conceptual clarity
o Documentation
o Preparation of bibliography
and
o Research design
The secondary stage includes
o Project planning
o Project formulation
o Questionnaire preparation
o Investigation and data
collection
o Preparation of final
synopsis
o Compilation of data
o Classification
o Tabulation and presentation
of data
o Experimentation
o Analysis
o Testing of hypothesis and
o Interpretation
The tertiary stage includes
o Report writing
o Observation, suggestions,
and conclusions.
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